Invasive Cheatgrass Threatens Wyoming Agriculture, Campbell County Faces Most Severe Impact
A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Wyoming highlights the growing economic threat posed by invasive plant species across the state, with cheatgrass emerging as the most pervasive and economically damaging weed, Oil City News reports.
According to the report, titled “Current & Potential Economic Impacts of 10 Invasive Weed Species in Wyoming,” cheatgrass alone could cost Wyoming’s agricultural industry up to $110 million annually if not effectively managed.
The study sheds light on the extent of cheatgrass’s presence, particularly in Natrona and Campbell counties. Each of these counties harbors an estimated 2 million acres of cheatgrass, but the degree of impact varies significantly. While about 1 million acres in Campbell County are significantly affected, only half that amount in Natrona County experiences a comparable impact, despite having 1 million more acres suitable for cheatgrass growth.
The financial impact of cheatgrass on Wyoming’s agriculture is substantial. In 2021 alone, the weed caused an estimated $32 million in direct economic losses across the state. If left unchecked, cheatgrass could spread to all suitable habitats in Wyoming, resulting in a 43% reduction in agricultural value — a significant increase from the 13% reduction observed in 2021.
One of the key factors contributing to cheatgrass’s economic impact is its effect on rangeland. The weed competes with native grasses and forage crops, reducing the availability of digestible plant matter for livestock. Cheatgrass is also highly flammable, increasing the risk of wildfires on rangelands and endangering property and livestock.
The two counties with the largest presence of cheatgrass are Campbell and Natrona. While Natrona County hosts more acres suitable for cheatgrass, Campbell County faces more severe consequences. Approximately 1 million acres in Campbell County are considered significantly impacted by cheatgrass, making it the most affected county in the state.
Other invasive species, such as ventenata, have also made their mark. Campbell County has the second-largest population of ventenata in Wyoming, with about 80,000 acres affected, second only to Sheridan County.
The economic toll of cheatgrass extends beyond direct agricultural losses. The University of Wyoming’s report indicates that nearly 150 jobs are lost statewide due to the weed’s impact on agriculture. In Campbell County alone, landowners face an estimated $4.4 million in lost annual cash rent revenue, highlighting the broader economic implications of unchecked cheatgrass spread.
Cheatgrass is a winter annual plant that grows between 4 and 30 inches tall. Its soft, dense hairs and drooping seed heads make it highly effective at spreading. The seeds attach to clothing, animal fur, and shoes, allowing the weed to rapidly colonize new areas.
Natrona County Weed and Pest identifies cheatgrass as a noxious weed that invades pastures, prairies, and rangeland. Its ability to displace native vegetation and its susceptibility to wildfires exacerbate the risks it poses to agriculture and property.
Controlling cheatgrass requires a multifaceted approach. Chemical pesticides are often applied in the late months of the year, followed by the planting of competitive, non-invasive grasses to crowd out cheatgrass. Early detection and rapid response are essential to prevent the weed from establishing a foothold in new areas.
Landowners concerned about cheatgrass are advised to contact their local county’s Weed and Pest department for guidance on identification and treatment. Natrona County Weed and Pest and Campbell County Weed and Pest offer resources and support for landowners dealing with invasive weed infestations.
